You're reading the documentation for a version of ROS 2 that has reached its EOL (end-of-life), and is no longer officially supported. If you want up-to-date information, please have a look at Humble.

Building ROS 2 on macOS

System requirements

We support macOS 10.14 (Mojave).

However, some older versions like 10.13.x are known to work as well.

Install prerequisites

You need the following things installed to build ROS 2:

  1. Xcode

    • If you don’t already have it installed, install Xcode and the Command Line Tools:

      xcode-select --install
sudo xcode-select --switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer

  2. brew (needed to install more stuff; you probably already have this):

    • Follow installation instructions at http://brew.sh/

    • Optional: Check that brew is happy with your system configuration by running:

      brew doctor

      Fix any problems that it identifies.

  3. Use brew to install more stuff:

    brew install cmake cppcheck eigen pcre poco python3 tinyxml wget

# install dependencies for Fast-RTPS if you are using it
brew install asio tinyxml2

brew install opencv

# install console_bridge for rosbag2
brew install console_bridge

# install OpenSSL for DDS-Security
brew install openssl
# if you are using ZSH, then replace '.bashrc' with '.zshrc'
echo "export OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR=$(brew --prefix openssl)" >> ~/.bashrc

# install dependencies for rcl_logging_log4cxx
brew install log4cxx

# install CUnit for Cyclone DDS
brew install cunit

  4. Install rviz dependencies

    # install dependencies for Rviz
brew install qt freetype assimp

# Add the Qt directory to the PATH and CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
export CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=$CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH:/usr/local/opt/qt
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/opt/qt/bin

  5. Install rqt dependencies

    brew install graphviz pyqt5 sip

    Fix some path names when looking for sip stuff during install (see ROS 1 wiki):

    ln -s /usr/local/share/sip/Qt5 /usr/local/share/sip/PyQt5

  6. Use python3 -m pip (just pip may install Python3 or Python2) to install more stuff:

    python3 -m pip install -U argcomplete catkin_pkg colcon-common-extensions coverage cryptography empy flake8 flake8-blind-except flake8-builtins flake8-class-newline flake8-comprehensions flake8-deprecated flake8-docstrings flake8-import-order flake8-quotes ifcfg lark-parser lxml mock mypy netifaces nose pep8 pydocstyle pydot pygraphviz pyparsing pytest-mock rosdep setuptools vcstool

    Please ensure that the $PATH environment variable contains the install location of the binaries (default: $HOME/Library/Python/<version>/bin)

  7. Optional: if you want to build the ROS 1<->2 bridge, then you must also install ROS 1:

    • Start with the normal install instructions: https://wiki.ros.org/kinetic/Installation/OSX/Homebrew/Source

    • When you get to the step where you call rosinstall_generator to get the source code, here’s an alternate invocation that brings in just the minimum required to produce a useful bridge:

      rosinstall_generator catkin common_msgs roscpp rosmsg --rosdistro kinetic --deps --wet-only --tar > kinetic-ros2-bridge-deps.rosinstall
wstool init -j8 src kinetic-ros2-bridge-deps.rosinstall

      Otherwise, just follow the normal instructions, then source the resulting install_isolated/setup.bash before proceeding here to build ROS 2.

Disable System Integrity Protection (SIP)

macOS/OS X versions >=10.11 have System Integrity Protection enabled by default. So that SIP doesn’t prevent processes from inheriting dynamic linker environment variables, such as DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH, you’ll need to disable it following these instructions.

Get the ROS 2 code

Create a workspace and clone all repos:

mkdir -p ~/ros2_eloquent/src
cd ~/ros2_eloquent
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros2/ros2/eloquent/ros2.repos
vcs import src < ros2.repos

Install additional DDS vendors (optional)

If you would like to use another DDS or RTPS vendor besides the default, eProsima’s Fast RTPS, you can find instructions here.

Build the ROS 2 code

Run the colcon tool to build everything (more on using colcon in this tutorial):

cd ~/ros2_eloquent/
colcon build --symlink-install

Environment setup

Source the ROS 2 setup file:

. ~/ros2_eloquent/install/setup.bash

This will automatically set up the environment for any DDS vendors that support was built for.

Try some examples

In one terminal, set up the ROS 2 environment as described above and then run a C++ talker:

ros2 run demo_nodes_cpp talker

In another terminal source the setup file and then run a Python listener:

ros2 run demo_nodes_py listener

You should see the talker saying that it’s Publishing messages and the listener saying I heard those messages. This verifies both the C++ and Python APIs are working properly. Hooray!

Next steps after installing

Continue with the tutorials and demos to configure your environment, create your own workspace and packages, and learn ROS 2 core concepts.

Using the ROS 1 bridge

The ROS 1 bridge can connect topics from ROS 1 to ROS 2 and vice-versa. See the dedicated documentation on how to build and use the ROS 1 bridge.

Additional RMW implementations (optional)

The default middleware that ROS 2 uses is Fast-RTPS, but the middleware (RMW) can be replaced at runtime. See the tutorial on how to work with multiple RMWs.

Stay up to date

See Maintaining a source checkout of ROS 2 to periodically refresh your source installation.

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting techniques can be found here.

Uninstall

  1. If you installed your workspace with colcon as instructed above, “uninstalling” could be just a matter of opening a new terminal and not sourcing the workspace’s setup file. This way, your environment will behave as though there is no Eloquent install on your system.

  2. If you’re also trying to free up space, you can delete the entire workspace directory with:

    rm -rf ~/ros2_eloquent